Furthermore, your immunity is divided into two major types, active and passive immunity. Drivers Hp Psc 1350 Pour Windows 7. Both types are also divided further into sub-types, which are, active-natural, active-artificial, passive-natural, and passive-artificial immunity. ZThe immunity is transient, no secondary response in passive immunity. Z It is less effective then active immunisation. Z The main advantage of passive immunisation is that it acts immediately and.

Immunity is the body's set of defenses used to prevent and combat infection. SEBASTIAN KAULITZKI / Getty Images One way to categories immunity is as nonspecific and specific. Nonspecific Defenses - These defenses work against all foreign matter and pathogens. Examples include physical barriers, such as mucous, nasal hair, eyelashes, and cilia. Chemical barriers are also a type of nonspecific defense. Chemical barriers include the low pH of the skin and gastric juice, the enzyme lysozyme in tears, the alkaline environment of the vagina, and earwax. Specific Defenses - This line of defenses is active against particular threats, such as particular bacteria, viruses, prions, and mold.

A specific defense that acts against one pathogen usually isn't active against a different one. An example of specific immunity is resistance chicken pox either from exposure or a vaccine. Another way to group immune responses is: Innate Immunity - A type of natural immunity that is inherited or based on genetic predisposition. This type of immunity confers protection from birth until death. Innate immunity consists of external defenses (the first line of defense) and internal defenses (second line of defense).

Internal defenses include fever, the complement system, natural killer (NK) cells, inflammation, phagocytes, and interferon. Innate immunity is also known as genetic immunity or familial immunity. Acquired Immunity - Acquired or adaptive immunity is the body's third line of defense. Driver Epson Lx 810l Para Xpo. This is protection against specific types of pathogens. Acquired immunity may be either natural or artificial in nature. Both natural and artificial immunity have passive and active components.

Active immunity results from an infection or an immunization, while passive immunity comes from naturally or artificially gaining antibodies. Let's take a closer look at active and passive immunity and the differences between them. Lymphocytes recognize the antigens on foreign cells.

JUAN GARTNER / Getty Images Activity immunity comes from exposure to a pathogen. Surface markers on the pathogen surface act as antigens, which are binding sites for antibodies. Antibodies are Y-shaped protein molecules, which can exist on their own or attached to the membrane of special cells. The body doesn't keep a store of antibodies on hand to take down an infection immediately.

A process called clonal selection and expansion builds up sufficient antibodies. Examples of Active Immunity An example of natural activity immunity is fighting off a cold.

An example of artificial active immunity is building up a resistance to a disease due to an immunization. An allergic reaction is an extreme response to an antigen, resulting from active immunity. Features of Active Immunity • Active immunity requires exposure to a pathogen or to the antigen of a pathogen. • Exposure to the antigen leads to the production of antibodies. Antibodies essentially mark a cell for destruction by special blood cells called lymphocytes. • Cells involved in active immunity are T cells (cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, memory T cells, and suppressor T cells), B cells (memory B cells and plasma cells), and antigen-presenting cells (B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages).